Exciting developments in the TGM story !
As well as our TGM1 CD44 co-receptor paper in PNAS (2023) we have two new studies on TGM4 and TGM6 just coming out in 2025:
Singh, S.P., Smyth, D.J., Cunningham, K.T., Mukundan, A., Byeon, C.-H., Hinck, C.S., White, M.P.J., Ciancia, C., Wasowska, N., Sanders, A., Jin, R., Lilla, S., White, R.F., Zanivan, S., Schoenherr, C., Inman, G., van Dinther, M., ten Dijke, P., Hinck, A.P. and Maizels, R.M. (2025)
The TGF-β mimic TGM4 achieves cell specificity through combinatorial surface co-receptor binding
EMBO Reports (2025)
https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-024-00323-2
White, S.E, Schwartze, T.A., Mukundan, A., Schoenherr, C., Singh, S., van Dinther, M., Cunningham, K., White, M.P.J., Campion, T., Pritchard, J., Hinck, C.S., ten Dijke, P., Inman, G., Maizels, R.M. and Hinck, A.P.
(2025) TGM6, a secretory product of the helminth H. polygyrus, mimics TGF-β binding to TβRII to block signaling in fibroblasts. Available on BioRχiv : https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.22.573140
We also published in 2023 an analysis of the evolution of the TGM protein family
Maizels, R.M. and Newfeld, S. (2023) Convergent evolution in a murine intestinal parasite rapidly created the TGM family of molecular mimics to suppress the host immune response. Genome Biology and Evolution 15 :evad158.